Digestive

Diverticular Disease: Complete Guide

Diverticular disease affects up to 50% of people over 60. Most cases are silent, but diverticulitis (infection/inflammation) requires prompt treatment.

Prevalence over 60
Up to 50%
Most common location
Sigmoid colon (left side)
Diverticulitis symptoms
Left lower abdominal pain, fever
Treatment
Diet, sometimes antibiotics/surgery

Diverticulosis vs Diverticulitis

TermMeaning
DiverticulosisPresence of small pouches (diverticula) in the colon wall — usually silent, found incidentally
Diverticular diseaseDiverticulosis with symptoms (bloating, altered bowel habit, mild pain)
DiverticulitisInfection/inflammation of diverticula — causes acute pain, fever, needs treatment

Diverticulitis Symptoms

Treatment by Severity

SeverityTreatment
Mild (uncomplicated)Oral antibiotics, liquid diet initially, outpatient management often possible
ModerateHospital admission, IV antibiotics
Complicated (abscess, perforation)IV antibiotics, drainage procedures, sometimes emergency surgery
Recurrent severe episodesElective surgery (colectomy) may be considered
Signs of Complicated DiverticulitisSevere pain, high fever, signs of peritonitis (rigid abdomen), or inability to pass stool/wind require emergency assessment — complications like abscess or perforation need urgent treatment.
Diet and PreventionA high-fibre diet (fruits, vegetables, whole grains) is recommended for diverticulosis to prevent progression and reduce diverticulitis risk — contrary to old advice, nuts and seeds do NOT need to be avoided.
Do I need to avoid nuts and seeds if I have diverticulosis?
No — this old advice has been disproven by modern studies; nuts, seeds, and popcorn do not increase diverticulitis risk and don't need to be avoided.
Will I need surgery for diverticular disease?
Most people manage well with diet and, when needed, antibiotics. Surgery is reserved for complications or recurrent severe episodes significantly affecting quality of life.
Medical Disclaimer: This page is for general education only and does not replace professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider.