Inheritance Patterns Explained
| Pattern | How It Works | Example Conditions |
|---|---|---|
| Autosomal dominant | One altered gene copy from either parent causes the condition; affected parent has 50% chance of passing it to each child | Huntington's disease, some familial hypercholesterolaemia |
| Autosomal recessive | Both gene copies must be altered; carriers (one altered copy) are usually unaffected; two carrier parents have 25% chance of an affected child | Cystic fibrosis, sickle cell disease |
| X-linked recessive | Gene located on X chromosome; typically affects males more severely as they have only one X chromosome | Haemophilia, Duchenne muscular dystrophy |
Why This Matters for Families
Understanding the inheritance pattern of a condition in your family helps predict risk for other family members and future children, and guides decisions about genetic testing and counselling.Genetic Counselling Provides Personalised GuidanceIf a genetic condition runs in your family, a genetic counsellor can provide detailed, personalised risk assessment and testing guidance specific to your family's situation — this basic overview is a starting point, not a substitute for professional counselling.
If both my parents are unaffected carriers, can I still have a genetic condition?
Yes — for autosomal recessive conditions, two unaffected carrier parents (each with one altered gene copy) can have an affected child if both pass on their altered copy, with a 25% chance for each pregnancy.
Medical Disclaimer: This page is for general education only and does not replace professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider.