Sudden Hearing Loss Is an EmergencySudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) — hearing loss appearing within 72 hours, especially in one ear — should be treated with high-dose oral steroids (prednisolone 1 mg/kg) within 72 hours of onset. Delay reduces recovery chances. Same-day ENT referral.
Conductive vs Sensorineural
| Type | Mechanism | Causes | Treatment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conductive | Sound blocked before inner ear | Earwax, otitis media, perforated eardrum, otosclerosis | Remove cause; surgery if otosclerosis |
| Sensorineural (SNHL) | Cochlear hair cell or nerve damage | Age-related (presbyacusis), noise exposure, Ménière's, ototoxic drugs | Hearing aids; cochlear implant for severe |
| Mixed | Both components | Various combined causes | Treat both components |
Age-Related Hearing Loss (Presbyacusis)
- Most common cause of hearing loss in adults over 60
- High-frequency loss first — difficulty understanding speech in noise
- Progressive but slow
- Hearing aids are the most effective treatment
- Early fitting is better — neural plasticity preserved
Simple Earwax Test FirstEarwax is a common, easily treatable cause of conductive hearing loss. Ear drops (olive oil or proprietary softeners) daily for 2 weeks often resolve mild cases. Irrigation or microsuction at the GP practice or pharmacy removes stubborn wax.
How do I know if I need a hearing aid?
If you regularly ask people to repeat themselves, struggle on the phone, turn up the TV volume, or miss parts of conversations — you likely have hearing loss that would benefit from a hearing aid. Start with an NHS audiology referral.
What are ototoxic drugs?
Medications that damage cochlear hair cells: aminoglycoside antibiotics (gentamicin), cisplatin and other platinum chemotherapy agents, high-dose loop diuretics (furosemide), aspirin in toxic doses, quinine. Monitor hearing during treatment.
Can I get a hearing aid on the NHS?
Yes — NHS hearing aids are free for people with hearing loss confirmed by audiology. Modern NHS digital hearing aids are comparable to many private devices. There may be a waiting list — private audiology can be faster.
What is Ménière's disease?
A disorder of the inner ear causing episodic vertigo (lasting 20 minutes to 24 hours), fluctuating low-frequency sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus, and ear fullness. Managed with dietary salt restriction, diuretics, betahistine, and in severe cases, intratympanic gentamicin or surgery.
Medical Disclaimer: This page is for general education only and does not replace professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider.