What Is DHEA-S?
DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone) and its sulphated form DHEA-S are androgens (male-type hormones) produced primarily by the adrenal glands. They are precursors to both testosterone and oestrogen. DHEA-S is tested rather than DHEA because it has a longer half-life and more stable blood levels.
Normal DHEA-S Levels by Age
| Age / Group | DHEA-S Range (µg/dL) |
|---|---|
| Adult men (20–29) | 280–640 |
| Adult men (30–39) | 120–520 |
| Adult men (40–49) | 95–530 |
| Adult men (50+) | 70–390 |
| Adult women (20–29) | 65–380 |
| Adult women (30–39) | 45–270 |
| Adult women (40–49) | 32–240 |
| Adult women (50+) | 26–200 |
| Post-menopause | 10–140 |
Causes of High DHEA-S
- Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)
- Adrenal tumours (benign or malignant)
- PCOS (commonly elevated in the androgen-excess subtype)
- Cushing's syndrome (adrenal origin)
Causes of Low DHEA-S
- Adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease)
- Hypopituitarism
- Normal ageing (levels naturally decline after 30)
- Chronic illness or severe stress
DHEA-S and PCOS
In women with PCOS, elevated DHEA-S alongside LH/FSH imbalance and high testosterone points to adrenal-driven androgen excess — which affects treatment choices.
FAQs
Does DHEA decline with age?
Yes — DHEA-S peaks in your 20s and falls steadily with age. By age 70–80 it is often 20–30% of peak levels.
Is DHEA supplementation safe?
Over-the-counter DHEA supplements can raise levels unpredictably and should only be used under medical supervision.
Does fasting affect DHEA-S?
No fasting is required for this test.
Medical Disclaimer: DHEA-S levels must be interpreted alongside other adrenal and sex hormone tests by an endocrinologist or your GP.