What Is Vitamin E?
Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) is a fat-soluble antioxidant that protects cell membranes from oxidative damage. It also supports immune function and skin health. Because it's fat-soluble, it is stored in the body — deficiency is less common than with water-soluble vitamins but still occurs.
Normal Vitamin E Range
| Result | Level (mg/L) |
|---|---|
| Deficient | Below 5 |
| Normal | 5–20 |
| Elevated (potential toxicity) | Above 40 |
Symptoms of Deficiency
- Nerve damage (peripheral neuropathy) — numbness and tingling
- Muscle weakness
- Vision problems (retinopathy)
- Immune system impairment
- Haemolytic anaemia in infants
Who Is at Risk?
- Fat malabsorption conditions (Crohn's, coeliac disease, cystic fibrosis)
- Bariatric surgery patients
- Rare genetic conditions (abetalipoproteinaemia, familial vitamin E deficiency)
- Premature infants
Vitamin E vs. Supplements
While deficiency is harmful, high-dose vitamin E supplements (above 400 IU/day) may increase bleeding risk by interfering with vitamin K. Food sources are always preferred.
FAQs
What foods are rich in vitamin E?
Nuts and seeds (especially almonds, sunflower seeds), vegetable oils, wheat germ and leafy greens.
Is vitamin E tested routinely?
No — it is tested specifically when fat malabsorption or neurological symptoms of unknown cause are investigated.
Does vitamin E testing require fasting?
Some labs request fasting as lipid levels affect interpretation (vitamin E is often reported relative to cholesterol).
Medical Disclaimer: High-dose vitamin E supplementation carries risks. Discuss any supplementation with your doctor, particularly if you take blood-thinning medications.