Common Causes
| Cause | Mechanism |
|---|---|
| H. pylori infection | Most common cause worldwide — bacterial infection of stomach lining |
| NSAIDs (ibuprofen, aspirin, naproxen) | Damage protective stomach lining, especially with regular use |
| Excessive alcohol | Direct irritation of stomach lining |
| Stress (severe illness, major surgery) | 'Stress gastritis' in critically ill patients |
| Autoimmune gastritis | Rarer — can cause B12 deficiency (pernicious anaemia) |
Symptoms
- Upper abdominal pain or burning (epigastric)
- Nausea, sometimes vomiting
- Bloating, feeling full quickly
- Loss of appetite
- Rarely: signs of bleeding (black stools, vomiting blood) in severe cases
Treatment
| Cause | Treatment |
|---|---|
| H. pylori positive | Triple therapy — PPI + two antibiotics for 7-14 days |
| NSAID-induced | Stop NSAID if possible; PPI to protect stomach lining |
| Alcohol-related | Reduce/stop alcohol; PPI for symptom relief |
| Autoimmune gastritis | B12 monitoring/replacement; regular endoscopic surveillance |
Don't Combine NSAIDs Long-Term Without ProtectionIf you need regular NSAIDs (for arthritis, chronic pain), ask your doctor about co-prescribing a PPI to protect your stomach lining, especially if you're over 65 or have had previous ulcers.
Is gastritis the same as a stomach ulcer?
No — gastritis is inflammation of the stomach lining, while an ulcer is an actual break in the lining. Untreated gastritis can progress to ulceration, but they're distinct conditions.
Can stress alone cause gastritis?
Severe physical stress (major illness, surgery, trauma) can cause 'stress gastritis', but everyday emotional stress alone is a less well-established direct cause, though it can worsen symptoms.
Medical Disclaimer: This page is for general education only and does not replace professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider.