Common Blood Test Abbreviations
| Abbreviation | Meaning |
|---|---|
| FBC / CBC | Full/Complete Blood Count |
| U&E | Urea & Electrolytes (kidney function) |
| LFT | Liver Function Tests |
| TFT | Thyroid Function Tests |
| HbA1c | Glycated Haemoglobin (diabetes control) |
| ESR | Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (inflammation) |
| CRP | C-Reactive Protein (inflammation) |
| eGFR | estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (kidney function) |
| INR | International Normalised Ratio (blood clotting, warfarin monitoring) |
| WBC / WCC | White Blood Cell (Count) |
| RBC | Red Blood Cell |
| Hb | Haemoglobin |
| PLT | Platelets |
Common Prescription Abbreviations
| Abbreviation | Latin Origin | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| OD | omne in die | Once daily |
| BD / BID | bis in die | Twice daily |
| TDS / TID | ter die sumendum | Three times daily |
| QDS / QID | quater die sumendum | Four times daily |
| PRN | pro re nata | As needed |
| STAT | statim | Immediately |
| PO | per os | By mouth |
| PR | per rectum | Rectally |
| NKDA | — | No Known Drug Allergies |
Common Hospital Letter Abbreviations
| Abbreviation | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Hx | History |
| Dx | Diagnosis |
| Rx | Treatment/Prescription |
| Ix | Investigation |
| Fx | Fracture |
| c/o | Complains of |
| NAD | No Abnormality Detected |
| TTO / TTA | To Take Out/Away (discharge medications) |
Ask for Plain LanguageYou have every right to ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any abbreviation or medical term in plain language — you shouldn't need a medical degree to understand your own health information.
Why do doctors use so many abbreviations?
Abbreviations save time in busy clinical settings and are a standardised shorthand among healthcare professionals, but this can create a communication barrier with patients — always ask for clarification.
Are medical abbreviations the same in every country?
Mostly similar in English-speaking countries, though some variations exist (e.g. CBC in the US vs FBC in the UK for the same test). Always check with your specific healthcare provider if uncertain.
Where can I see my own test abbreviations explained?
Many countries now offer online patient portals showing your results alongside reference ranges. Our test guides on this site explain individual tests in detail — search for the specific test name.
Medical Disclaimer: This page is for general education only and does not replace professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider.